The article informs about the international scientific conference "Universal values of religions of the world: history and modernity", which took place on October 24-25, 2019 in Kyiv.

The polemic around the visit to Ukraine of Pope John Paul II served a meaningful test to identify the integrative potential of all the Churches in the state, and in particular their openness or xenophobia, the willingness or the actual refusal to cooperate, the real recognition and cultivation, or the practical neglect of the spiritual components of a democratic society.

The deployment of interaction between national and religious, in particular in Ukraine, is one of the most significant phenomena that make history from the distant past to the present. From the writings of the apostles and Europe's oldest chroniclers to the most up-to-date studies of historians, religious scholars, theologians, these issues are analyzed in one way or another. However, scholars, at least domestic, have rarely articulated such an aspect, the identification and the result of interaction between national and religious, as (...) secessionist conflicts. Instead, this is the way to qualify for a number of conflicts, including in our country, that have grown or nourished on religious and denominational grounds. Studying at a given point of view conflicts with religious and denominational components is very important, because it takes the issues from an emotionally crowded, vulnerable delicate field of spirit to a rational and pragmatic legal base, its legal and pragmatic legal field may, at least, begin to resolve the conflict. (shrink)

The article considers the dynamics of various religious orders and other institutes of consecrated life in the UGCC and the characteristics of their institutionalization in the context of the needs of Ukrainian society.

Today, when Ukraine has entered the path of independence, on the way of joining the European community, it is worth scrutinizing self-critically, so that our course is not burdened and not confused with the burden of old mistakes and miscalculations. Ukrainian history appears as a story of a strict struggle of the nation for self-determination and existence in general. Can you imagine such a Ukrainian fate, spinning the early glorious pages of our writings? The New Christian Kievan Rus during the (...) days of the princes of Volodymyr the Great and Yaroslav the Wise is a powerful and authoritative European country that was proud of its spiritual upsurge and earthly achievements. And now, after five centuries, it became a land without its own statehood, which was lagging behind in full-scale progress and was in deep church decay. The crisis of the Ukrainian church is like a trick and a key to many interconnected Ukrainian problems, was a subject of particular acuity concerns of her contemporaries and the subject of reflection of many generations of her researchers. (shrink)

Obviously, it is about the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. I, the author of the article, suggest looking at her, taking into account all her hypostasis, its ritual and organizational peculiarities, but to focus on how this Church performs one of the functions that are inherent in religious systems and organizations: a value-controlling function, and how this performance correlates with the national interests of Ukrainians.

The phenomenon of modern Greek Catholicism in Ukraine is a prominent phenomenon in the spiritual field of our country. Accordingly, it is the subject of scrutiny by religious scholars. After a considerable amount of research into the history of Ukrainian Greek Catholicism, scholars, especially representatives of Western Ukraine, study the particular manifestations of his present life. There are works that analyze the socially significant work of the UGCC from different angles. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive research, impartially (...) confessional or "post-theistic," among the latter. At the same time, such work is needed now, when the UGCC, as well as other Churches in our country, face new tasks in the new circumstances of social and spiritual life. (shrink)

In today's conditions, the heavy resistance of Ukrainians to Russian aggression, which is carried out, with the exception of the military, by way of information and economic methods, and now also through a non-gossip "hybrid" confrontation, it is very important to properly evaluate and play an appropriate role in this religious and religious factor. "Russian World" is no less effective weapon of the Moscow Church in the war with Ukraine than the military aid of the Russian state to the separatists.. (...) Religious communities have their potential in educating citizens - patriots of their homeland, or else. Different aspects of the problem of the role of religious-church factors in patriotic education of Ukrainians have long been in the zone of justified attention of domestic secular scholars and representatives of the Churches, among them: A. Kolodny, L. Filippovich, V. Shevchenko, P. Pavlenko, O. Sagan, C. Zdioruk, M. Cherenkov, O. Tuyeshin and others. Particular attention of the RCC and Protestant Churches in this regard was given by P. L. Yarotsky. (shrink)

The assessment of the prospects for the development of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the spiritual field of modern Ukraine should first of all be based on the achievements and problems of this Church that it has today. According to studies of the modern UGCC, it demonstrates a relative stabilization of development. Despite the persistence of self-identity seeking for Ukrainian Greek Catholicism, which is not difficult, the evolution of Greek Catholicism as a Catholic denomination continues, which is particularly evident (...) in the Church's practical activity. The regional features present in it are determined by the local specificity of the social status and, accordingly, the specificity of the tasks of pastoral work in different Ukrainian territories. The Ukrainian status of the UGCC is manifested not in the transfer of its leadership to the capital, but in its significant activities for society, which Greek Catholic factors seek to direct accordingly. In general, the current status of the UGCC can be judged to be sufficiently competitive in the "religion market" in today's pluralistic Ukraine. (shrink)

The problem of church-religious and spiritual subjects in school subjects, in the educational process of different educational units is not limited to the questions of the introduction or non-introduction of Christian ethics, ethics of faith, religious studies or theology. There is no relevant oral and printed discussion. However, scholars and educators have so far received the same meticulous attention to the fact that, in addition to these special subjects, other humanities have been taught and read in the schools, which deal (...) with issues of faith, religion, spirituality - directly or indirectly, in connection with one or another. historical events or in the composition of various works of art, also not neutral in terms of formation of world outlook and confessional prejudices or preferences. (shrink)

At the end of the second Christian millennium, Christians united in the church of different denominations and ceremonies. The most devoted ones are looking for ecumenical paths, "that all be one." However, every person is free in his own way to build ties with the Lord. But, as emphasized by the first Metropolitan Rusich Ilarion in the "Word of Law and Grace," every person and the whole people are responsible before God. This statement is based on the authority of biblical (...) texts. Therefore, Christians must worry not only about their own salvation, but also about the best, most natural and most useful arrangement of the Christian life of their nation. (shrink)

The transfer of the governing seat of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church to the capital of Ukraine, though not equal to the Church's exit to “Greater” Ukraine, but prompts an analysis of the respective possibilities of the heir to the baptism of Vladimir. This is what the Head of her Church calls her, emphasizing essentially the main motive behind the decision to move her residence. In his "Address on the Construction of the Temple of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in (...) Kiev." Lubomyr Husar stressed that the UGCC, as "part of the Kyiv root", is now free in a free state. There is now an opportunity "to return the heart of our Church to the capital city of Kyiv, from where it was born, from where it was removed by cruel circumstances.". (shrink)

The study of Catholicism by law is one of the foremost directions in the work of religious scholars. After the Second Vatican Council, when it largely restored its decisive spiritual and moral influence in its traditional habitat and gained an impressive number of professors beyond its boundaries, its development is marked by qualitative transformations that require careful study. If today's characteristics of the progress of Catholicism are relevant in the foreseeable future, it is reasonable to expect that the Catholic Church (...) as a whole will cope with internal difficulties and, more or less, successfully seek the answers to the challenges of history, and therefore its own answers, and therefore positions in the world and will continue to expand them in Ukraine in particular. (shrink)

Among the significant religious factors that influenced and influence the cultural orientation of the Ukrainian nation, the phenomenon of Ukrainian Greek Catholicism is a unique place. In recent years, researchers of this phenomenon have focused their efforts primarily on identifying the national and consoli- datory role of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in identifying the opportunities and achievements of the Greek-Catholic denomination in identifying Ukrainian Greek Catholics in their identity between the neighboring-Polish Roman Catholic and Russian Orthodox - ethnic groups.

May of this jubilee year was marked, perhaps, by a record number of scientific meetings, in particular, in cities already traditional religious studies activity. International conference "Christianity is the basis of European civilization", scientific conference "Christianity and person" and the X International round table "History of Religions in Ukraine ".

Adequate study of Catholicism in Ukraine is impossible without taking into account its progress in the world, especially in the last century. The experience of comprehending the reality of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and rethinking its entire historical path led to qualitative transformations of this denomination. After the Second Vatican Council, and especially with the pontificate of Pope John Paul II on Catholicism, we can speak of a significant phenomenon of modern spiritual life.

The development of each Church is denoted by one or another landmark, most of which are well-known to all, although there are also few known or those whose influence on the evolution of the Church is not evident. The Second Vatican Council is an event that, without exaggeration, can be a determinant of the time "before" and "after", not only for the Catholic Church, where it took place. Since this Cathedral was a significant stage of qualitative development, or not the (...) oldest continuously existing institution, the consequences of its decisions, including the consequences of the remote, are interesting to study, in particular, from the point of view of their influence on further institutionalization processes in the Church. This is an interesting field of research for many religious scholars, but in this exploration we are currently focusing on the specifics of the course of institutionalization processes in the modern Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church as a special part of the post-assembly Catholic Church, as one that inherited the advantages and problems of the Christian East, and the Christian West. (shrink)

The election of the Russo-Ukrainian Christian path belongs to one of the most enviable events in Ukrainian history, which directly or indirectly programmed its further progress. Kievan Rus on the eve of the official introduction of Christianity was a powerful and respectable European state. The free country had a rich choice of priorities of geopolitical, economic, cultural orientation, the election of which was greatly influenced by the peculiarities of Ukrainian development. How exactly was this choice - it is necessary to (...) investigate further, but what he brought to Ukraine - is now obvious. Today, when the Ukrainian state, with great losses and tensions, returns to its natural, European path, it is extremely important to analyze what contributed to the deviation from it. To do this, let us return to the first centuries of Ukrainian Christianity - the period of establishing long-term self-identification archetypes of Ukrainians and establishing their views on neighbors. (shrink)

Among the scientific heritage of B.O.Lobovyk is a particularly interesting work - works devoted to the study of the pre-Christian religiosity of Ukrainians and the peculiarities of the emerging Christianity of Kyivan Rus. In particular, Section III: Religious Beliefs of the Chronicles of Slavs and Section IV: The Old Ukrainian Political Thought 1 so the ten-volume "History of Religion in Ukraine" not only affects the breadth and depth of the problem's coverage, phenomenal encyclopaedic erudition and culture of the author's words, (...) but also wake up new questions and induced to their research. Thus, BOloobovik carried out a detailed analysis of the religious complex of Ukrainians in their pre-Christian period and an analysis of the features of early Christian Ukrainian thought highlights: who believed in the worship of our ancestors. In our opinion, one of the logical directions of the continuation of these studies is the elucidation of what the Ukrainians appreciated before Christianization in the world and what transformations of axiological orientations were experienced by Ukrainian neophytes. (shrink)

A rather variegated palette of modern functionalities of denominations both in the world as a whole, and in Ukraine, in particular, is determined by the urgent needs of society. Along with purely traditional religious and religious organizations, such functions that are called in time in one or another community are appearing or reviving. In Ukraine, today the actualization of such functions of the Churches that are most invited in the difficult conditions of external aggression and internal internal problems are being (...) observed. Among them, almost the first place was the function of patriotic education, which prompted scholars to pay special attention to this. The urgency of studying the role of the religious-church factor in patriotic education does not require long proof in the face of the heavy resistance of Ukraine to the bulk of the "Russian world", now not only information, spiritual and cultural, but also in the form of military aggression that has gained insidious forms of undeclared "hybrid warfare" ». (shrink)

Religious history of Ukraine in its dates.

Dans le champ de la linguistique francaise, Olga Galatanu est de ceux qui ont muni l'analyse du discours et des interactions verbales d'un modele semantique de description. La Semantique des Possibles Argumentatifs qu'elle developpe depuis une vingtaine d'annees adhere aux visions argumentative, stereotypique, referentielle, cognitiviste de la langue, et s'attache a rendre compte de la construction des representations en langue et en discours.<BR> Les articles que ses collaborateurs et amis lui offrent dans ce volume se rapportent de pres ou (...) de loin a la SPA. Certains en partagent les postulats: sens referentiel et denomination, interfaces semantique-syntaxe et semantique-pragmatique, construction discursive du sens, valeurs; d'autres reprennent et developpent des elements specifiques de la SPA: possibles argumentatifs, deploiements argumentatifs, modalites; d'autres encore montrent les convergences et complementarites entre la SPA et des theories voisines.<BR> Les analyses portent notamment sur l'attitude metalinguistique des locuteurs, la malleabilite semantique des mots, la negociation des sens et des valeurs, les principes et strategies discursives qui regulent la communication, l'heterogeneite discursive, la presentation de soi, la construction d'objets discursifs, les actes de langage indirects, etc.". (shrink)

In this article, we will take an in-depth look at the impact of artificial intelligence on the formation of working conditions in various fields of activity. By analyzing both general trends and specific examples, we will reveal how AI is helping to optimize workflows, change professional skills, and create new jobs. In addition, the article highlights the key benefits of using AI, including increased productivity and efficiency, automation of routine tasks, and improved workplace safety. We will also focus on the (...) challenges and potential risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence. The discussion will cover the ethical use of technology, the replacement of human labor by machines, the need to retrain employees, and the possibility of new forms of inequality in the workplace. The final part of the article offers reflections on the future of AI in the context of the labor market, including recommendations for adapting to these technological changes. Thus, we aim to provide a comprehensive view of the role of artificial intelligence in the modern world of work and its impact on the future of jobs and working conditions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the benefits of using artificial intelligence and algorithms to improve working conditions. On the other hand, the author identifies a number of challenges that states, businesses, and individuals may face in the event of AI implementation. At the same time, steps are proposed to reduce the negative consequences and prepare for the digitalization of jobs. (shrink)

Our analysis in this paper unfolds on two levels: a critique of the ‘realities’ of graduate nursing education and an argument to sustain its ‘ideals’. We open for discussion an aspect of graduate nursing education dominated by instrumental reason, namely the research industry, using an internal critique approach developed by Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno of the Early Frankfurt School. As we explain, internal critique arises out of, and relies on, the mismatch between goals, or ‘ideals’, and existing realities. Thinking (...) about ‘ideals’ of the academy, we draw on Hans-Georg Gadamer's view of the university as a place to think freely, creatively, and critically. The contemporary realities of the university, on the other hand, that emphasize the market values of the research industry forcefully shape nursing academic scholarship in a particular direction. In our attempt to recognize and disrupt the forces of the research industry with its instrumental reason, we consider Judith Butler's writings on how norms operate in society. We show that our growing involvement in the research industry makes it very difficult to disentangle ourselves from that situation. The values of the research industry actually suppress the very ideals of education and scholarship that we would like to uphold. As a contra-force, the internal critique of the ‘existing realities’ in the graduate nursing education unmasks the tyranny of the research industry and makes visible the importance of sustaining the higher goals and ideals in nursing scholarship. (shrink)

Para o campo da Ciência da Informação (CI), é de grande relevância a discussão sobre o fluxo informacional, que é um objeto focal das pesquisas desenvolvidas nessa área. Por esse motivo, não são estudados apenas os meios e os conceitos, mas as relações que eles têm entre si e as suas mediações, sempre levando em consideração os processos que envolvem sua comunicação, usabilidade e acessibilidade pelo tecido social. Também, observam-se as distintas visões que envolvem a mediação tida na Ciência da (...) Informação e os diversos ramos do conhecimento, tais como a Comunicação, a Psicologia e a Ciência do Direito. Diante disso, este trabalho trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica que visa conceituar a mediação da informação em áreas distintas e analisar a importância dessa atividade em cada segmento. Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, esta pesquisa é de natureza aplicada, enquadrando-se nos objetivos exploratório e descritivo. (shrink)

The article examines the provisions of the catechisms of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church regarding the war and its challenges, as well as the defense of the Motherland. A comparative analysis of relevant thematic instructions in the Catechism “Christ is our Easter” (published in 2011), the Catechism for youth “We walk with Christ” (published in 2021) and the “Catechism of the Christian Warrior” (published in 2022) was carried out. It was determined that the provisions of the UGCC's own fundamental doctrinal (...) documents, its Catechisms, regarding the problems of war and defense of the Motherland, were formed, clarified and supplemented according to the circumstances and needs of the time. The catechism of the UGCC “Christ is our Easter” contains general Christian considerations on the subject under consideration, which are principled, establishing, and refer to how civilized peoples should conduct themselves. The catechism for youth, created in the previous years of the undeclared Russian Federation's “hybrid” war against Ukraine, covers the issues related to the war and the defense of the Motherland in a substantive way and closer to current Ukrainian realities, although it still has some idealistic approach. The Catechism of the Christian Warrior, the preparation of which was completed and the publication was carried out during the full-scale military offensive of the aggressor, is a set of thorough and competent advises for Ukrainian soldiers, where things are called by their names, and there are no provisions that can cause doubts due to experience and be problematically achievable for implementation. Therefore, it is concluded that especially this Catechism, together with and in addition to the two previous ones, is a useful and timely contribution of the UGCC to the instruction of Ukrainians during the war, and therefore to Ukraine's victory over the enemy. (shrink)

In common law jurisdictions, legal professionals cite facts and legal principles from precedent cases to support their arguments before the court for their intended outcome in a current case. This practice stems from the doctrine of stare decisis, where cases that have similar facts should receive similar decisions with respect to the principles. It is essential for legal professionals to identify such facts and principles in precedent cases, though this is a highly time intensive task. In this paper, we present (...) studies that demonstrate that human annotators can achieve reasonable agreement on which sentences in legal judgements contain cited facts and principles. We further demonstrate that it is feasible to automatically annotate sentences containing such legal facts and principles in a supervised machine learning framework based on linguistic features, reporting per category precision and recall figures of between 0.79 and 0.89 for classifying sentences in legal judgements as cited facts, principles or neither using a Bayesian classifier, with an overall κ\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\kappa$$\end{document} of 0.72 with the human-annotated gold standard. (shrink)

The paper presents the main ideas of systematic research of the phenomenon of the human body as an essential characteristic of human being and the fundamental philosophical concept. It allows one to scrutinize the concept of the human body as a necessary research tool in the humanities. The human body is analyzed in the process of its conceptualization in the history of philosophy, in relation to which its logic and main phases are defined. The paradigms of the understanding of the (...) human body are identified as resomatization strategies of contemporary thinking. It allows one to claim that evolution of philosophy is inalienable from the process of conceptualization of the phenomenon of the human body. Using an ontological grounding of the human body as a key philosophical concept ensures reconciliation of philosophical anthropology and ontology. (shrink)

Studying student migration trends is a significant task in studying human capital development as one of the leading factors in sustainable socio-economic development. The migration potential of students impacts the opportunities and prospects for sustainable development. The study of factors influencing the migration behavior of students acquires special significance in this article. The interpersonal competencies of the population impact its migration potential. Migration processes impact the differentiation of regions in terms of human capital. This article is based on theoretical and (...) practical research on human capital, its formation, development, and migration as a factor in human capital development. The practical part of the study presents an analysis of data obtained from a sociological study of the factors that determine internal and international migration. An anonymous sociological survey of students in Ekaterinburg, Kursk, and Tomsk (Russia) was conducted in several stages. The first stage was implemented in October and December 2020 (N = 958). The second stage was implemented in October and November 2021 (N = 960). This study allows for tracing how the COVID-19 pandemic affects the migration potential of students and their desire for a satisfactory career path. (shrink)

At the bedside, nurses are expected to be precise when they read indications on screens and on the bodies of patients and decide on the meaning of words framed by the context of acute care. In academia, although there is no incident report to fill when we misread or misrepresent complex philosophical ideas, the consequences of inaccurate reading include misplaced epistemological claims and poor scholarship. A long and broad convention of nursing phenomenological research, in its various forms, claims a philosophical (...) grounding in the ideas of Husserl, Heidegger, and other thinkers. But for nearly two decades, nurse phenomenologists' knowledge claims have been challenged by well‐informed criticisms, most notably by John Paley. At the heart of criticism lies an observation that Continental phenomenological thought is misrepresented in many nursing sources and that nursing phenomenology, both descriptive and interpretive, cannot appeal to the authority of either Husserl or Heidegger. Taking these criticisms seriously, I am asking, Is phenomenology after Paley possible? If misreading seems to be an issue, how can – or should – we read rigorously? My thinking through these questions is influenced by the ideas of Jacques Derrida. Under a condition of a play of language, of Derridian différance, when meaning is never self‐identical and never fully arrives, I suggest that one has to negotiate meanings through reading for differences. I develop this idea in relation to the methodological conventions of phenomenological nursing research and argue for a careful rereading of the whole field of phenomenological nursing research. Such rereading presupposes and necessitates interdisciplinary engagement between nursing and the humanities and interpretive social sciences. Greater familiarity with research practices of those disciplines that stress theoretical and writing rigour might make visible the limits of nursing research approaches and their quality criteria. An understanding of philosophical and theoretical works – a condition of quality scholarship – depends on our reading of both originary texts and contemporary literature from the humanities and the social sciences. This understanding, far from obliging researchers to always trace (often erroneously) their work to its philosophical roots, opens other, often more sound, methodological possibilities. (shrink)

This book analyzes unobvious relations between historical definitions of the face and its contemporary usage in popular culture and social media, like Facebook or Instagram. Bringing together a wide range of methodologies, it includes essays from manifold disciplines of the humanities such as philosophy, literary and art criticism, media and television studies, game studies, sociology and anthropology. The authors focus on both metaphorical and material meanings of the face. They grapple with crucial questions about modernity, modern and postmodern subjectivity, as (...) well as with origins of certain linguistic terms and popular, colloquial phrases based on the concept of the face. (shrink)

BackgroundThe positive component of Mental Health Literacy refers to a person’s awareness of how to achieve and maintain good mental health. Although explored recently, the term still lacks a clear definition among healthcare practitioners.AimTo identify the attributes and characteristics of PMeHL, as well as its theoretical and practical applications.MethodsLiterature search and review, covering the last 21 years, followed by concept analysis according to the steps described by Walker and Avant approach.ResultsPositive component of Mental Health Literacy is considered one component of (...) MHL, integrating positive mental health. The concept’s attributes include: competence in problem-solving and self-actualization; personal satisfaction; autonomy; relatedness and interpersonal relationship skills; self-control; and prosocial attitude. Four case scenarios were used to clarify the antecedents and consequences of PMeHL.ConclusionPositive component of Mental Health Literacy is considered a component of MHL, which deserves attention throughout the lifespan, in different contexts and intervention levels. Considering PMeHL as a multi-faceted and dynamic construct will help understand the mechanisms that improve mental health and promote healthy behaviors. Priority should be given to robust primary research focused on nursing interventions that enhance and sustain PMeHL in people and families. (shrink)

The aim of the present study, which involved preschool teachers, was to explore the area of working with musically gifted children. In particular, we focused on the identification of musically gifted children and monitoring of their musical development, preschool teachers’ competence for working with children, and evaluation of factors important for the development of musically gifted children. Research results showed that the majority of preschool teachers: were able to identify musically gifted children; rarely monitored and documented children’s musical development systematically (...) and did not acquire enough knowledge for working with musically gifted children during their formal and informal education. Among the important factors influencing the development of musically gifted children, preschool teachers pointed out motivation to work with musically gifted children, identification of musically gifted children, cooperation with music experts and parents, and implementation of additional musical activities. Cilj ovog istraživanja, koje je uključivalo odgojitelje u vrtiću, bio je istražiti područje rada s glazbeno nadarenom djecom. Posebno smo se usredotočili na otkrivanje glazbeno nadarene djece i praćenje njihovog glazbenog napretka, kompetencije odgojitelja za rad s djecom i procjenom čimbenika važnih za razvoj glazbeno nadarene djece. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je većina odgojitelja: uspjela otkriti glazbeno nadarenu djecu; rijetko su sustavno pratili i dokumentirali glazbeni napredak djece i nisu stekli dovoljno znanja za rad s glazbeno nadarenom djecom tijekom svog formalnog i neformalnog obrazovanja. Među važnim čimbenicima koji utječu na razvoj glazbeno nadarene djece odgojitelji su istaknuli motivaciju za rad s glazbeno nadarenom djecom, otkrivanje glazbeno nadarene djece, suradnju s glazbenim stručnjacima i roditeljima te provedbu dodatnih glazbenih aktivnosti. (shrink)

The relevance of the chosen direction of research is that e-learning at the present stage of development of society is one of the most popular forms of organization of the educational process. This primarily applies to vocational and postgraduate education. Its main advantage is that it focuses on creating a barrier-free learning environment, ensuring the availability of quality education without separation from work and family and regardless of the place of residence. The article analyzes the features of updating the education (...) system in the postmodern era and the urgent problems of the education system that need to be addressed. Features of e-learning as a means of meeting the demand for educational services, its advantages and disadvantages are characterized. The peculiarities of functioning of open educational resources as prospects of e-learning development are analyzed. Continuation of the initiated research is to study the specific characteristics of mobile learning as one of the possible options for e-learning. (shrink)

The Platonic corpus is a collection of texts written under Plato's name. It is fairly inconvenient for us, modern readers, that it includes texts hardly authored by Plato, but we are normally able, or deem ourselves so, to tell the difference between spurious and authentic material. Yet that 'either-or' logic might be too simplistic to account for the specifics of 'school accumulation', which continued more or less till the end of the Hellenistic epoch and implied imitation rather than deception: the (...) Platonic corpus was in the making as long as the Academy existed. And so were its separate components: authorial and editorial revisions and 'updates' of dialogues are signalled both by ancient sources and by modern computational techniques. In eleven chapters provided by twelve specialists in the field, this volume explores the Platonic corpus as a living whole in its dynamic and complex development. Two major sets of questions are addressed here. The first concerns the individual components of the corpus, the institutional and philosophical context of their emergence, and questions of authorship and revision. The second question has to do with the corpus as a whole, with the progressive organization of the dialogues into a recognized body of work, including both ancient and modern editions and classifications, as well as the formation and transformations of the canon. (shrink)

The aim of this article is to show the relationships between philosophy and literature that may derive from Simone de Beauvoir writing who makes a contribution to contemporary reflection regarding these relationships. Her own writing, which could be named as “ambiguous writing” due to its particularities, constitutes a proposal and a commitment to overcome or to exceed the limits that either literature or philosophy might impose to comply with the accomplishment of the specific features inherent to these discursive genres. I (...) suggest the concept of “reflective genre” to denote the peculiarity of Simone de Beauvoir’s option when applying, at times simultaneously or sequentially, the discursive genres of fiction, autobiographical stories and essays writing that express more systematically her speculations of a philosophical nature. In this text, I consider her conception of the novel which she gives a high pre-eminence, in a period of her production. (shrink)

The purpose of the article is to study the influence of Nazi experiments on the formation of ideas about the ethos of science in the field of biomedicine. It is shown that the idea of discrediting a value-neutral science was often confronted with the resistance of the scientists themselves, who, in different contexts of condemning Nazi crimes, appealed to the fact that they acted for the good of science, and even of all mankind. The article discusses the strategy of American (...) lawyers adopted at the Nuremberg Trials aimed at demonstrating the perversity of Nazi crimes in the field of biomedicine both ethically and scientifically. In addition, an analysis of individual materials of the Nuremberg process was carried out, which made it possible to give an idea of the scientific and linguistic design of the human body (name correction strategy) as a “correct” scientific object with desired properties. The article considers the influence of the data obtained on Nazi crimes on the formation of the content of the Nuremberg Code and the design of the principle of informed consent in biomedicine. Ethical aspects related to the further use of Nazi scientific data are also considered. In conclusion, the problem of the formation of scientific knowledge in non-violence mode is articulated. (shrink)

Although epidemiology as a scientific study of disease in populations claimed an independent disciplinary status already in the mid–nineteenth century, its history in the twentieth century can be seen as a continuous and often contentious attempt to define the field’s social and intellectual boundaries vis-à-vis a variety of neighboring scientific fields and public health practices. In a period dominated by laboratory biomedical sciences, epidemiologists repeatedly tried to spell out how their discipline met the requirements of scientificity despite its focus on (...) disease as a collective phenomenon and its reliance on nonlaboratory methods. This article asks about the relationship between the changing institutional and intellectual contexts of British epidemiological practice and the epidemiologists’attempts to define both science in general and epidemiology in particular. An examination of the epidemiologists’boundary-making endeavors is also used to reflect on the circumstances in which scientists engage in the discourse of disciplinary demarcations. (shrink)

In this commentary, I reflect on the differences between two independent citizen approaches to monitoring radiological contamination, one in Belarus after the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident and the other in Japan following the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi accident. I examine these approaches from the perspective of their contribution to making radiological contamination more publicly visible. The analysis is grounded in my earlier work, where I examined how we have come to know what we know about post–Chernobyl contamination and its effects in (...) Belarus, a former Soviet republic most heavily affected by the fallout. As I described in this study, much of what we know about the consequences of Chernobyl is based on the work of the Belarusian nonprofit Institute of Radiation Safety, “Belrad.” I compare Belrad’s approach to radiological monitoring with the work of the volunteer network Safecast, arguably one of the best-known citizen science projects in the world, which is working to monitor the scope of the post–Fukushima contamination. Through this comparison of approaches, I raise broader questions about a form of sensing practices—data-related practices of citizen science that make environmental hazards publicly in/visible. (shrink)

In this paper I present a way of formally representing proper names in accordance with a description theory of reference–fixing and show that such arepresentation makes it possible to retain the claim about the rigidity of proper names and is not vulnerable to Kripke’s modal objection.

The issue of benefits in international clinical research is highly controversial. Against the background of wide recognition of the need to share benefits of research, the nature of benefits remains strongly contested. Little is known about the perspectives of research populations on this issue and the extent to which research ethics discourses and guidelines are salient to the expectations and aspirations existing on the ground. This exploratory study contributes to filling this void by examining perspectives of people in low-income South (...) African communities on benefits in international clinical research. Twenty-four individuals with and without experience of being involved in clinical research participated in in-depth interviews. Respondents felt that ancillary care should be provided to clinical research participants, while a clinical study conducted in particular community should bring better health to its members through post-trial benefits. Respondents' perspectives were grounded in the perception that the ultimate goal of international clinical research is to improve local health. We argue that perspectives and understandings of the respondents are shaped by local moral traditions rather than clinical research specificities and require attention as valid moral claims. It is necessary to acknowledge such claims and cultural worlds from which they emerge, thus building the foundation for equal and embracing dialogue to bridge different perspectives and handle contradicting expectations. (shrink)